Reversible fluid-pressure turbine



J. W. McGOVERN.

REVERSIBLE FLUID PRESSURE TURBINE.

' APPLICATION EILED OCT H, 1920'. 1,422,45. Patented July 11,1922.

JOHN WM. Mceovnmv, or ron'r Amos, nnrrrsn COLUMBIA, CANADA.

REVERSIBLE FLUID-EPBESSURE TURBINE.

naeaase.

1F luid-Pressure' Turbines, of which the following is'a specification. I

This invention relates to a reversible fluid pressure turbine. The steamturbine provides a simple and relatively economical power generatingmeans, but its applicability is at present largely limited to mecha.nisms that rotate only. in'one direction.

here it is required to reverse the direction of rotation a separateturbine is generally provided, designed to rotate in an oppositedirection, which is clutched and un clutched from the driving shaft,or'a gear reverse is employed.

In the device, which is the subject of this application, the vanes ofthe turbine are so constructed that the angle at which they are set inrelation to'the periphery of the drivin head ma r be reversed, and thesteam is delivered t rough separate alternative nozzles for eachdirection of rotation for which the vanes are set.

The invention is-fully described in the following specification,reference being made to the drawings by which it is accompanied, inwhich: i i

Fi 1 is a vertical cross section on the line 1-1 in Flg. 2.

I 'Fig. 2, a vertical cross section on the line 22 in Fig. 1, and

Fig. 3 represents a modified means for re versing the direction of flowof the steam .to the vanes of the turbine.

In these drawings 2 represents the driving shaft and 3 the rotor ordriving head secured thereon. Around the rim of this driving head 3 thepins 5 of a series of double vanes 4 are pivotally mounted between rings6 secured on each side of the rim.

The vanes are so formed that while that portion of it, which is on oneside of the pivot 55, is angularly directed from the circle ofthe rim toreceive the impact of the steam delivered to it, the other portion of itrests on the rim and acts as a support and the vanes may be moved ontheir pivots to project one side or the other angularly from the rim.

Movement of all the vanes is simultaneously effected by a short leversecured on the Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Julyil, race.

Application filed October 11, 1920. Serial No. 415,982.

pivot of each, outside one of the side plates 6 and the free ends ofthese levers are connected together by links 7 and are actuated ingroups by a lever 8 secured on one of the pivots 5 of each group. a i

The lever 8 ofeach group is connected by a short rod 9 to a member 10radially slidable between guides projecting from the adjacent faces oflugs 11 secured to or integral with thedriving head 3.

" These members 10 are medially apertured toreceive theend 12 of a bellcrank lever pivoted at 13 in lugs 11 projecting from the guidewaybracket, the other end of which bell crankhas studs 14 laterallyprojecting from it into engagement with lugs 15 outwardly projectingfrom a sleeve 16 which is endwise slidable on the driving shaft 2 on afeather 17. This sleeve 16 is endwise moved by a handled lever 18fulcrumed at 19 to a stationary part of the engine, and pin-con-Movement of the handled lever 18 may thus reverse the angle of the vanes4. V

The driving shaft 2 is mountedin a hearing- 23 in the centre of a steamchest 24secured to and upwardly projecting from the baseframe 25, whichframe is upwardly producedon the other side of the driving head 3 and isjointed to thesteam chest 24 to form'an exhaustchamber 26, the deliveryfromwhich is at 27.

The sleeve 16, which rotates with the shaft 2, is rotatable in a bearing28 in the frame 25 The steam chest 24 is diametrically-divided into twoparts by a partition 29 and steam is admitted to either one com partmentor-the other from a steam pipe 30, in which is a three-way cook 31 orother suitable means that will admit steam to one division of the steamchest while cutting it off from the other.

From either half of the steam chest 24 steam is delivered through ports33 or 34 which are directed angularly inward into the pockets formed bythe blades 4, the delivery ducts 33 from one compartment of the steamchest being angled toward one direction of rotation and those 34 of theother in the opposite direction to serve the requirements of one or theother position of the vanes 4.

The vane reversing mechanism is enclosed within a casing or hood 35secured between pler manner.

the sleeve 16 and the adjacent ring 6 of the driving head 3. This hoodprotects the vane changing mechanism from direct contact with theexhaust from the turbine.

Figure 3 shows a modification in the manner of reversing the directionof flow of the steam or other fluid under pressure.

In this arrangement ports 36 adapted to direct the fluid in onedirection and ports 37 angled to direct it'in the opposite direction,are arranged in pairs at intervals apart around the driving head and atthe junction between each pair of ports 36 and 371 a ported sleeve.valve 38 is rotatably mounted. The valve may thus be rotated to directits port toward either set of delivery ports 36 or 37 and to cut oil theother set.

The valves 38 of the several pairs of de livery ports may be rotated byany suitable means, preferably by a geared ring 39, the

teeth of which mesh with those of a pinion 40 mounted on each valve 38,so that rotation of the gear ring 39 will simultaneously rotate all thevalves 88 to direct the fluid under pressure through either set of ports36 or 37.

-With this arrangement the steam chest does not require to bediametrically divided, and a larger number of nozzles may be provided torotate the engine in each direction.

The mechanism by which the vanes are reversed may be cooperativelyconnected to that which changes the flow of the steam to turn thedriving head in either direction.

I do not desire to be confined to the particular means herein set forthby which the vanes are angularly reversed in their angular relation tothe rim of the driving head, as the same'may be effected in a sim- .Theessential-feature of the invention resides in the means for reversingthe direction of flow of the fluid in relation to the rim of the drivinghead, and the reversal of-the angle of the vanes to provide receptivepockets for either direction of rotation.

Having now particularly described my invention, I hereby declare thatwhat I claim as new and desire to be protected in by Letters Patent, is:j

1. A reversible turbine, comprising in combination, a driving headrotatably mounted within a casing, ports angularly directed on the rimof the driving head toward one direction of rotation, ports angularlydirected on the periphery of the driving head toward the other directionof rotation, means for directing a fluid under pressure to either one orthe other set of ports, double vanes set atjan obtuse angle to. oneanother pivotally mounted on the periphery of the driving head at the junction of the two vanes tolproject one set of vanes or the otherangularly toward'the direction of the fluid delivery, a;,leversecured tothe pivotof each pair of vanesand proj ecting angularly toward thecentral portion of the driving head, links connecting these leverstogether in groups, means applied to each group for simultaneouslyreversing the angle of projection of the vanes, and means for directingthe flow of the fluid under pressure through the ports-to to oneanother, said vanes pivotally mounted in the rings of the driving "headwith the junction of the vanes on the periphery of the head, andmeans.operablefwithout the casing for simultaneously moving-either setof vanes to project angularly toward the direction of flow of the fluidthrough the ports. I 1 r In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

Jonn WM. ivreeovnnu.

